① Ukwehlisa amafutha
1. Umsebenzi: Susa ama-fatty stains kawoyela nokunye ukungcola okuphilayo ebusweni bezinto ezibonakalayo ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle we-electroplating futhi uvimbele ukungcoliswa kwezinqubo ezilandelayo.
2. Ibanga lokulawula izinga lokushisa: 40~60℃
3. Indlela yokwenza:
Ngosizo lwe-saponification kanye ne-emulsification yesisombululo, inhloso yokususa amabala kawoyela ingafinyelelwa.
Ukususwa kwamafutha ezilwane nemifino kusekelwe kakhulu ekuphenduleni kwe-saponification.Lokhu okubizwa ngokuthi i-saponification inqubo yokusabela kwamakhemikhali phakathi kukawoyela ne-alkali oketshezini olukhishwayo ukuze kukhiqizwe insipho.Amafutha ekuqaleni ayengancibiliki emanzini achithwa abe insipho ne-glycerin encibilika emanzini, bese esuswa.
4. Izindaba ezidinga ukunakwa:
1) I-Ultrasonic oscillation ingathuthukisa umphumela wokwehlisa.
I-2) Uma ukugxila kwe-powder degreasing kunganele, umphumela wokunciphisa awukwazi ukutholakala;lapho ukugxila kuphezulu kakhulu, ukulahlekelwa kuzoba kukhulu futhi izindleko zizokhuphuka, ngakho-ke kudinga ukulawulwa ngaphakathi kwebanga elifanele.
3) Uma izinga lokushisa linganele, umphumela wokwehlisa awumuhle.Ukwandisa izinga lokushisa kunganciphisa ukungezwani kwendawo yesisombululo namafutha futhi kusheshise umphumela wokunciphisa;lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, impahla ithambekele ekuphendukeni.Ukushisa kufanele kulawulwe ngokuqinile ngesikhathi sokusebenza.
I-4) Ngemuva kwenqubo yokunciphisa, ubuso bezinto kufanele bufakwe ngokuphelele.Uma kunokunyenya okusobala phakathi kwamaconsi amanzi kanye ne-interface yezinto ezibonakalayo, kusho ukuthi ukusebenza akuhlangabezananga nezidingo.Phinda ukusebenza futhi ulungise amapharamitha ngesikhathi.
②Ukuvuvukala
Indlela yokwenza:
I-ejenti yokuvuvukala inweba isiqeshana sokusebenzela ukuze sizuze ukugqwala kwe-surface micro, kuyilapho ithambisa into ngokwayo, ikhulula ukucindezeleka okungalingani okubangelwa ukubunjwa komjovo noma impahla, ukuze inqubo elandelayo yokugoqa ikwazi ukugqwala ngokufanayo futhi igqwale kahle.
Indlela yokuhlola ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kwempahla ye-electroplating izohluka ngezinto ezahlukene.Ku-ABS, indlela yokudipha ye-glacial acetic acid ivame ukusetshenziswa.
③Ukwehliswa
1. Ibanga lokulawula izinga lokushisa: 63~69℃
2. Ipulasitiki ye-ABS iyi-terpolymer ye-acrylonitrile (A), butadiene (B) kanye ne-styrene (S).Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqina, izinhlayiya zepulasitiki ziqukethwe ukuze zenze imigodi, okwenza i-surface hydrophobic ibe yi-hydrophilic, ukuze ungqimba lwe-plating lunamathele engxenyeni yepulasitiki futhi luboshwe ngokuqinile.
Izinyathelo zokuzivikela:
I-1) Isixazululo esiphezulu se-chromium sinokuncibilika okusheshayo kanye nesivinini esiqinile kanye nokunamathela okuhle kokunamathela;kodwa uma inani le-chromic acid ne-sulfuric acid lingaphezu kuka-800 g/L, isisombululo sizoncipha, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukugcina igesi inyakaza.
I-2) Uma ukugxila kunganele, umphumela wokugaya awubi;lapho ukugxila kuphezulu kakhulu, kulula ukugqwala ngokweqile, ukulimaza impahla, futhi kukhiphe ukulahlekelwa okukhulu futhi kwenyuse izindleko.
I-3) Uma izinga lokushisa linganele, umphumela wokuqina awumuhle, futhi lapho izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, impahla ijwayele ukuguquguquka.
④Neutralization (ingxenye eyinhloko i-hydrochloric acid)
1. Umsebenzi: Hlanza i-chromium ene-hexavalent esele kuma-micropores wento ngemva kokushwabana nokugqwala ukuze uvimbele ukungcoliswa kwenqubo elandelayo.
2. Indlela yokwenza: Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuqina, izinhlayiya zenjoloba ezibonakalayo ziyancibilika, zenze imigodi, futhi kuzoba noketshezi oluhwayayo olusele ngaphakathi.Ngenxa yokuthi i-ion ye-chromium eyi-hexavalent oketshezini oluqinile inezinto eziqinile zokuhlanganisa i-oxidizing, izongcolisa inqubo elandelayo.I-Hydrochloric acid ingayehlisa ibe yi-trivalent chromium ions, ngaleyo ndlela ilahlekelwe yizinto ezikhiqiza i-oxidizing.
3. Izindaba ezidinga ukunakwa:
I-1) I-Hydrochloric acid kulula ukuyishintsha, ukugqugquzela igesi kungathuthukisa umphumela wokungathathi hlangothi nokuhlanza, kodwa ukugeleza komoya akulula ukuba kukhulu kakhulu, ukuze kugwenywe ukulahlekelwa kwe-hydrochloric acid volatilization.
2) Uma ukugxila kunganele, umphumela wokuhlanza awubi;lapho ukugxila kuphezulu kakhulu, ukulahlekelwa okwenziwayo kukhulu futhi nezindleko ziyakhuphuka.
3) Ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa kungathuthukisa umphumela wokuhlanza.Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, ukulahlekelwa kwe-volatilization kuyoba kukhulu, okuzokwandisa izindleko futhi kungcolise umoya.
4) Ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, ama-ion e-chromium e-trivalent azoqoqwa futhi ande.Uma uketshezi luluhlaza ngokumnyama, kusho ukuthi maningi kakhulu ama-chromium ion angama-trivalent futhi kufanele ashintshwe njalo.
⑤ Ukwenza kusebenze (i-catalysis)
1. Umsebenzi: Idiphozithi ungqimba lwe-colloidal palladium enomsebenzi we-catalytic ebusweni bento.
2. Indlela yokwenza: ama-polymer aqukethe amaqembu asebenzayo angakha ama-complexes ane-ion yensimbi eyigugu.
3. Izinyathelo zokuqapha:
I-1) Ungagudli uketshezi olusebenzayo, ngaphandle kwalokho kuzokwenza ukuthi i-activator ibole.
2) Ukwanda kwezinga lokushisa kungakhuphula umphumela wokucwila kwe-palladium.Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, i-activator izobola.
I-3) Uma ukugxila kwe-activator kunganele, umphumela we-palladium wemvula ayanele;lapho ukugxila kuphezulu kakhulu, ukulahlekelwa okwenziwayo kukhulu futhi izindleko ziyakhuphuka.
⑥ Chemical nickel
1. Ibanga lokulawula izinga lokushisa: 25~40℃
2. Umsebenzi: Idiphozi ungqimba lwensimbi olufanayo ebusweni bento, ukuze impahla ishintshe isuke kokungeyona i-conductor ibe i-conductor.
3. Izindaba ezidinga ukunakwa:
1) I-Hypophosphorous acid iyi-ejenti yokunciphisa i-nickel.Uma okuqukethwe kuphezulu, ijubane lokubeka lizokhula futhi isendlalelo sokucwenga sizoba mnyama, kodwa ukuzinza kwesisombululo se-plating kuyoba mpofu, futhi kuzosheshisa izinga lokukhiqiza ama-hypophosphite radicals, futhi isisombululo se-plating sizoba lula ukubola.
2) Njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka, izinga lokubeka isixazululo se-plating liyakhula.Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu, ngenxa yokuthi izinga lokubeka lishesha kakhulu, isisombululo se-plating sithambekele ekuziboleni futhi impilo yesisombululo iyafinyezwa.
3) Inani le-pH liphansi, isivinini se-sedimentation yesisombululo sihamba kancane, futhi isivinini sokuthungatha siyakhuphuka lapho i-pH inyuka.Uma inani le-PH liphezulu kakhulu, i-coating ifakwa ngokushesha futhi ayiminyene ngokwanele, futhi izinhlayiya zijwayele ukukhiqizwa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-27-2023