Kuyini pickling phosphating
Kuyinqubo yokwelashwa kwendawo yensimbi, ukugcotshwa ukusetshenziswa kwe-asidi eningi ukuhlanza insimbi ukususa ukugqwala okungaphezulu.I-Phosphating ukucwilisa insimbi ehlanjululwe nge-asidi ngesisombululo se-phosphating ukwenza ifilimu ye-oxide ebusweni, engavimbela ukugqwala futhi ithuthukise ukunamathela kopende ukuze ulungiselele isinyathelo esilandelayo.

Ukucofa ukususa ukugqwala nokucwecwa kuyindlela esetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wezimboni.Inhloso yokukhipha ukugqwala nokususwa kwesikhumba ifinyelelwa ngokuchithwa kwe-hydrogen ngomshini okukhiqizwa ukuchithwa kwe-asidi ye-oxide nokugqwala.Okuvame ukusetshenziswa kakhulu ekukhetheni i-hydrochloric acid, i-sulfuric acid ne-phosphoric acid.I-nitric acid ayivamile ukusetshenziswa ngoba ikhiqiza igesi ye-nitrogen dioxide enobuthi ngesikhathi sokukhetha.I-hydrochloric acid pickling ifanele ukusetshenziswa emazingeni okushisa aphansi, akufanele idlule ku-45 ℃, ukusetshenziswa kokuhlushwa kuka-10% kuya ku-45%, kufanele futhi kwengeze inani elifanele le-acid mist inhibitor kufanelekile.I-Sulfuric acid emazingeni okushisa aphansi okushisa ihamba kancane kakhulu, kufanele isetshenziswe ekushiseni okuphakathi, izinga lokushisa elingu-50 ~ 80℃, ukusetshenziswa kokuhlushwa kwe-10% ~ 25%.Inzuzo ye-phosphoric acid pickling ukuthi ngeke ikhiqize izinsalela ezonakalisayo (ngaphezulu noma ngaphansi kuzoba ne-Cl-, SO42- residue ngemuva kwe-hydrochloric acid kanye ne-sulfuric acid pickling), ephephile uma kuqhathaniswa, kodwa ububi be-phosphoric acid ukuthi Izindleko ziphakeme, ijubane lokuqoqa lihamba kancane, ukusetshenziswa okujwayelekile kokugxila ku-10% kuya ku-40%, futhi izinga lokushisa lokwelapha lingaba izinga lokushisa elivamile liye ku-80℃.Enqubweni yokuqoqa, ukusetshenziswa kwama-acids ahlanganisiwe kuyindlela ephumelela kakhulu, njenge-hydrochloric-sulfuric acid exutshwe ne-asidi exutshwe ne-phospho-citric acid.Inani elifanelekile le-corrosion inhibitor kufanele lengezwe ekukhetheni, ekususeni ukugqwala kanye nesisombululo sethangi lokukhipha i-oxidation.Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-corrosion inhibitors, futhi ukukhetha kulula, futhi indima yako ukuvimbela ukugqwala kwensimbi nokuvimbela "i-hydrogen embrittlement".Nokho, lapho pickling "hydrogen embrittleness" workpieces ebucayi, ukukhetha ukugqwala inhibitors kufanele kuqashwe ngokukhethekile, ngoba ezinye inhibitors ukugqwala zivimbela ukusabela kwama-athomu amabili e-hydrogen abe hydrogen molecule, okungukuthi: 2[H]→H2↑, ukuze ukuhlushwa. ama-athomu e-hydrogen ebusweni bensimbi ayanda, okuthuthukisa ukuthambekela "kwe-hydrogen embrittleness".Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi ubheke imanuwali yedatha ye-corrosion noma wenze ukuhlolwa kwe-"hydrogen embrittlements" ukuze ugweme ukusetshenziswa kwama-corrosion inhibitors ayingozi.

Ukuphumelela kobuchwepheshe bokuhlanza izimboni - ukuhlanzwa kwe-laser eluhlaza
Okubizwa ngokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza i-laser bubhekisela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-laser ye-laser yamandla aphezulu ukuze kukhanyise ingaphezulu le-workpiece, ukuze ubuso bokungcola, ukugqwala noma ukumboza ukuhwamuka noma ukukhumula, ukususwa ngesivinini esiphezulu kanye nokusebenza ngempumelelo kwendawo yento. okunamathiselwe noma ukumbozwa kwendawo, ukuze kuzuzwe inqubo ehlanzekile.Iwubuchwepheshe obusha obususelwe kumthelela wokusebenzisana we-laser nento, futhi inezinzuzo ezisobala uma iqhathaniswa nezindlela zokuhlanza zendabuko ezifana nokuhlanza ngomshini, ukuhlanza ukugqwala kwamakhemikhali, ukuhlanza okuqinile okuqinile okuwuketshezi, ukuhlanzwa kwe-ultrasonic frequency ephezulu.Isebenza kahle, iyashesha, inezindleko eziphansi, umthwalo omncane oshisayo kanye nomthwalo wemishini ku-substrate, futhi ayilimazi ukuhlanza;Imfucuza ingabuyekezwa kabusha, akukho ukungcola kwemvelo okuphephile futhi okuthembekile, akulimazi impilo yomqhubi angasusa ukushuba okuhlukahlukene okuhlukahlukene, izingxenye ezihlukene zenqubo yokuhlanza izinga lokumboza kulula ukufeza ukulawula okuzenzakalelayo, ukuhlanza isilawuli kude nokunye.

Ubuchwepheshe bokuhlanza i-laser obuluhlaza nokungangcolisi buxazulula ngokuphelele ukugxekwa kokungcoliswa kwemvelo kobuchwepheshe bokwelashwa kwe-pickling phosphating.Ubuchwepheshe bokuvikela imvelo kanye nobuchwepheshe bokuhlanza okuluhlaza - "ukuhlanzwa nge-laser" kwaba khona futhi kwakhuphuka ne-tide.Ucwaningo lwayo kanye nentuthuko kanye nokusetshenziswa kwayo kuholela kushintsho olusha lwemodeli yokuhlanza izimboni futhi ilethe ukubukeka okusha embonini yokwelapha engaphezulu komhlaba.