Ukuze kulawulwe ithangi lokuwasha le-hydrochloric acid, into ebaluleke kakhulu ukulawula isikhathi sokuqoqa kanye nempilo yethangi lokuqoqa, ukuze uqinisekise ukukhiqiza okuphezulu kanye nempilo yesevisi yethangi lokuqoqa.
Ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokukhetha, ukuhlushwa kwe-hydrochloric acid kufanele kulawulwe kuqala, bese kuthi okuqukethwe kwe-iron (i-iron salts) kusisombululo sokukhetha kufanele kulawulwe.Ngoba hhayi kuphela ukugcwala kwe-asidi okuzothinta umphumela wokukhetha we-workpiece, kodwa futhi okuqukethwe kwe-ion yensimbi kuzonciphisa ingxenye enkulu yesisombululo sokuqoqa, okuzophinde kuthinte umphumela wokukhetha kanye nesivinini somsebenzisi.Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi ukuze kutholwe ukusebenza kahle kwe-pickling, isixazululo se-pickling kufanele futhi sibe nenani elithile le-iron ion.
(1)Isikhathi sokukhetha
Eqinisweni, isikhathi sokuqoqa ngokuyisisekelo sincike ekugxilweni kwe-hydrochloric acid/i-ion yensimbi (usawoti wensimbi) kanye nezinga lokushisa lekhambi lokukha.
Ubudlelwano phakathi kwesikhathi sokukhetha kanye nokuqukethwe kwe-zinc:
Kuyiqiniso elaziwayo ekusebenzeni kwediphu elishisayo ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kokuvikela ngokweqile kwezingcezu zokusebenzela kuphumela ekulayisheni kwe-zinc okwengeziwe, okungukuthi "i-overpickling" kwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwe-zinc.
Ngokuvamile, ukucwiliswa ku-pickling tank ihora elingu-1 kwanele ukususa ngokuphelele ukugqwala.Ngezinye izikhathi, ngaphansi kwezimo zokusebenza zefektri, i-workpiece ehlanganisiwe ingafakwa ethangini lokuqoqa ubusuku bonke, okungukuthi, ukucwiliswa amahora angu-10-15.Ama-workpieces anjalo ama-galvanized ahlanganiswe ne-zinc eningi kune-pickling yesikhathi esivamile.
(2)Ukukhetha Okungcono Kakhulu
Umphumela omuhle kakhulu wokukhetha we-workpiece kufanele ube lapho ukuhlushwa kwe-hydrochloric acid kanye nokuhlushwa kwama-ion ensimbi (usawoti wensimbi) kufinyelela ibhalansi ehlobene.
(3)Indlela yokulungisa ukwehla komphumela we-asidi
Lapho isixazululo se-pickling sinciphisa noma silahlekelwa umphumela wokukhetha ngenxa yokugcwala kwe-iron ions (usawoti wensimbi), singahlanjululwa ngamanzi ukuze kubuyiselwe umsebenzi wokuqoqa.Nakuba ukuhlushwa kwe-hydrochloric acid kuncishisiwe, umsebenzi wokukhetha usengasebenza, kodwa izinga lihamba kancane.Uma i-asidi entsha yengezwa esixazululweni se-pickling enokuqukethwe kwensimbi egcwele, ukugxila kwesisombululo esisha se-hydrochloric acid yokugeza kuzowela ngaphezu kwendawo yokugcwala, futhi ukuqoqwa kwe-workpiece ngeke kwenzeke.
(4)Izinyathelo zokwelapha ngemva kokuncipha kokuncibilika kwe-asidi
Lapho isixazululo se-pickling sisetshenziswa isikhathi esithile, ukugxila kwayo kuncipha futhi kube yi-asidi eyimfucuza.Nokho, i-asidi ngalesi sikhathi ayikwazi ukutholwa umenzi, futhi isagcina inani elithile ukuze isetshenziswe.Ukuze kusetshenziswe i-asidi ephansi ngokugxila okuncishisiwe, ngalesi sikhathi, izinto zokusebenza ezinokuvuza kwendawo ekufakweni komlilo oshisayo futhi ezidinga ukucwiliswa kabusha ngokuvamile zifakwa phakathi kwazo, ukukha nokucutshungulwa nakho kuwukusetshenziswa ngempumelelo udoti acid.
Indlela yokushintsha i-asidi endala ngesisombululo se-hydrochloric acid pickling:
Lapho usawoti wensimbi ku-asidi endala udlula okuqukethwe okucacisiwe, kufanele ushintshwe nge-asidi entsha.Indlela iwukuthi i-asidi entsha ibalelwa ku-50%, i-asidi endala yengezwa ku-asidi entsha ngemva kokuna, kanti inani le-asidi endala ngu-~ 50%.I-iron salts enokuqukethwe okungaphansi kuka-16% ingakhuphula umsebenzi wesixazululo se-pickling, esihlukile ku-acid sparse, futhi silondoloza inani le-asidi.
Kodwa-ke, kule ndlela, ngenqubekelaphambili yobuchwepheshe bokufaka i-hot-dip galvanizing, inani le-asidi endala elengeziwe kufanele lenziwe ngesisekelo sokulawula ngokuqinile okuqukethwe kukasawoti wensimbi we-asidi endala, kanye nokugcwala kukasawoti wensimbi ku- isisombululo se-hydrochloric acid esilungisiwe kufanele silawulwe ngaphakathi kwesandla sakho.Ngaphakathi kobubanzi, akumele ulandele ngokunganaki amanani athile.
Insimbi yokusebenzela kanye nesivinini sokuqoqa
Ijubane lokukhetha liyahlukahluka ngokubunjwa kwensimbi ekhethiwe kanye nesilinganiso esiwumphumela.
Okuqukethwe kwekhabhoni ensimbi kunethonya elikhulu kuzinga lokuhlakazeka kwe-matrix yensimbi.Ukwenyuka kokuqukethwe kwekhabhoni kuzonyusa izinga lokuqedwa kwe-matrix yensimbi ngokushesha.
Izinga lokuqedwa kwe-matrix yensimbi yokusebenza ngemuva kokubandayo nokushisayo kunyuswa;kuyilapho izinga lokuqedwa lensimbi yokusebenza ngemva kokukhishwa kwensimbi lizokwehla.Esikalini se-iron oxide ebusweni bomsebenzi wensimbi, izinga lokuncibilika le-iron monoxide likhulu kunele-ferric oxide ne-ferric oxide.Amashidi ensimbi agingqelwe aqukethe i-iron monoxide eyengeziwe kunamashidi ensimbi afakwe emanzini.Ngakho-ke, ijubane layo lokukhetha liyashesha.Ukuqina kwesikhumba se-iron oxide, isikhathi sokuqothuka siba side.Uma ukushuba kwesikali se-iron oxide kungalingani, kulula ukukhiqiza amaphutha asendaweni angaphansi kwe-pickling noma ama-pickling ngokweqile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-27-2023