Kushiswe, Kugoqeke Futhi Kufakwe Pickled

Ukuginqika okushisayo

Ukuginqika okushisayo kuhlobene nokugoqeka okubandayo, okugingqika ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa lokwenziwa kabusha kwekristalu, kuyilapho ukuginqika okushisayo kugingqika ngaphezu kwezinga lokushisa lokwenziwa kabusha kwekristalu.

Izinzuzo:

Ingacekela phansi ukubunjwa kwezinsimbi zensimbi, icwenge okusanhlamvu kwensimbi, futhi isuse amaphutha e-microstructural, ukuze inhlangano yensimbi iminyene, izakhiwo zemishini zithuthukiswe.Lokhu kuthuthukiswa ngokuyinhloko kuqondiswe ekugoqeni, ukuze insimbi ingabi yi-isotropic ngezinga elithile;amagwebu, imifantu kanye nokuxega okwakhiwa ngesikhathi sokubunjwa kungashiselwa ndawonye ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu nokucindezela.

Ububi:

1. Ngemuva kokugoqa okushisayo, ukufakwa okungeyona insimbi ngaphakathi kwensimbi (ikakhulukazi ama-sulphides nama-oxides, nama-silicates) acindezelwa amashidi amancane futhi i-delamination (lamination) ivela.I-Delamination iwohloza kakhulu izakhiwo zensimbi ekucindezelekeni eduze komugqa owugqinsi, futhi kunengozi yokudabuka kwe-interlaminar ngesikhathi sokuncipha kwe-weld.Izinhlobo zasendaweni ezidalwe ukushwabana kwe-weld ngokuvamile zifinyelela izikhathi eziningana lapho kutholakala khona isivuno futhi zikhulu kakhulu kunalezo ezibangelwa ukulayisha.

2. Izingcindezi eziyinsalela ezibangelwa ukupholisa okungalingani.Izingcindezi eziyinsalela yizingcindezi zangaphakathi zokuzilinganisa ngaphandle kwamandla angaphandle, izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zensimbi egoqiwe eshisayo zinezingcindezi eziyinsalela ezinjalo, ngokuvamile ubukhulu besigaba sensimbi bukhulu, kukhulu ukucindezeleka kwensalela.Nakuba izingcindezi ezisele zizilinganisela ngokwazo, zisenomphumela ekusebenzeni kwelungu lensimbi ngaphansi kwamandla angaphandle.Okufana ne-deformation, ukuzinza, ukumelana nokukhathala nezinye izici kungase kube nomphumela omubi.

3. Imikhiqizo yensimbi egoqwe ngokushisayo akulula ukuyilawula mayelana nobukhulu nobubanzi bonqenqema.Sijwayele ukunwetshwa kwe-thermal kanye nokufinyela, njengoba isiqalo sokushisa siphuma ngisho noma ubude nokuqina kufinyelele ezingeni, ukupholisa kokugcina kusazovela umehluko othize ongemuhle, uma kuba banzi uhlangothi olunegethivu ububanzi, ukusebenza kushubile. kokusobala kakhulu.Yingakho kungenakwenzeka ukunemba kakhulu ngobubanzi, ukujiya, ubude, i-engeli kanye nomugqa onqenqemeni wensimbi enkulu.

 

Ukuginqika okubandayo

Ukuginqika ngezansi kwezinga lokushisa lokuvuselela kabusha kubizwa ngokuthi ukugoqa okubandayo, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa amakhoyili ensimbi ashisayo njengempahla eluhlaza, ngemva kokukhetha ukukhipha isikhumba se-oxidation ukuze siqhubeke sigoqeka, umkhiqizo osuphelile ugoqeka ikhoyili eqinile, ngenxa yokuguquguquka okubandayo okubangelwa umsebenzi obandayo oqina. Amandla ekhoyili eqinile, ubulukhuni, ukuqina kanye nezinkomba zepulasitiki ziyehla, ngakho-ke ukusebenza kwesitembu kuzokonakala, kungasetshenziswa kuphela ukuguquguquka okulula kwezingxenye.Okubandayo okugoqiwe kuvame ukukhishwa.

Amakhoyili agoqeke kanzima angasetshenziswa njengempahla eluhlaza ezitshalweni ezifaka amadiphu ashisayo, njengoba amayunithi afaka amadiphu ashisayo afakelwe izintambo zokudonsa.

Amakhoyili aqinile agoqekile anesisindo esingamathani angama-20-40 kanti amakhoyili ahlala egoqwa ezingeni lokushisa elilingana negumbi ngokumelene namakhoyili asongwe ashisayo.

Izici zomkhiqizo: Ngenxa yokuthi awuvaliwe, ubulukhuni bawo buphezulu kakhulu futhi ukusebenza kwawo kumpofu kakhulu, ngakho-ke ingagotshwa ngendlela elula engaphansi kwama-degree angu-90 (i-perpendicular to orientation roll).Ngamagama alula, ukugoqa okubandayo kuyinqubo yokugoqa ngesisekelo samakhoyili ashisayo, ngokuvamile okuyinqubo yokugoqa okushisayo - i-pickling - i-phosphating - i-saponification - i-cold rolling.

I-Cold-rolled icutshungulwa kusuka eshidini eligoqwe elishisayo ekamelweni lokushisa, nakuba inqubo ngenxa yokugoqa izokwenza ipuleti yensimbi ifudumale, kodwa noma kunjalo ibizwa ngokuthi i-cold-rolled.Njengoba ukushisa kuginqika ngemva kokuguquka kwamakhaza okuqhubekayo kanye nokubanda kugingqika ezicini zemishini zokumpofu, eziqine kakhulu, ngakho-ke kufanele kufakwe i-anneal ukuze kubuyiselwe izici zakhona zomshini, akukho ukubola okubizwa ngokuthi ivolumu eqinile egoqekayo.Imiqulu eqinile egoqiwe ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukwenza ngaphandle kokugoba, imikhiqizo enwebekayo, 1.0 ngaphansi kogqinsi lokugoqa kanzima kwenhlanhla egoba nhlangothi zombili noma izinhlangothi ezine.

Enqubweni yokugoqa ebandayo kufanele kusetshenziswe uwoyela ogoqayo obandayo, izinzuzo zokusebenzisa uwoyela ogoqayo obandayo yilezi:

1.Yehlisa ngokuphumelelayo i-coefficient of friction, unikeze amandla ahambisanayo, ukugoqa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, ukuze uthole imingcele yokugoqa egculisayo;

2. Nikeza ukukhanya okuphezulu kwendawo, iyunifomu yokulibaziseka kokuqengqeleka;

3.Umphumela omuhle wokupholisa, ungasusa ngokushesha ukushisa okugoqayo, ukuvikela ama-roll nezingxenye ezigoqayo.Ukusebenza okuhle kwe-annealing, ngeke kukhiqize isenzakalo sokushiswa kwamafutha;

I-4.Inokusebenza okunqamula ukugqwala kwesikhashana, inganikeza ukuvikeleka kwesikhashana kokugqwala kwezingxenye eziginqikayo.

Umehluko phakathi kwe-cold-rolled kanye ne-hot-rolled:

1.Cinsimbi endala egoqiwe eyakhiwe ivumela ukubopha kwendawo ye-cross-section ukuze umthamo wokuthwala umthwalo webha ngemuva kokubopha ungasetshenziswa ngokugcwele;kuyilapho izingxenye ezigoqiwe ezishisayo zingakuvumeli ukubopha kwasendaweni kwesigaba esiphambene ukuthi kwenzeke.

2. Hizigaba ze-ot-rolled kanye nezingxenye ezibandayo ezigoqiwe zokucindezeleka okusalayo kwensimbi okukhiqizwa yizizathu ezihlukahlukene, ngakho-ke ukusatshalaliswa kwesiphambano nakho kuhluke kakhulu.Ukusatshalaliswa kokucindezeleka okusalayo esigabeni esiphambanayo sezigaba ezinezindonga ezincane ezakhiwe ngendlela ebandayo kuwuhlobo lokugoba, kuyilapho ukusatshalaliswa kokucindezeleka okusalayo esigabeni esiphambanayo sezingxenye ezigoqelwe ezishisayo noma izigaba ezishiselwe uhlobo lwefilimu.

3.Tukhulula ukuqina kwe-torsional kwezigaba ezigoqelwe ezishisayo ziphakeme kunezigaba ezigoqelwe ngokubanda, ngakho-ke ukumelana ne-torsional kwezigaba ezigoqwe ezishisayo kungcono kunezigaba ezigoqelwe ngokubanda.